State of the Asia Climate Report 2021

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State of the Asia Climate Report 2021

  • Recently the World Meteorological Organization has released the ‘State of the Climate in Asia, 2021’ report.
  • This report has been prepared in collaboration with the United Nations Economic and Social Commission. The report outlines the major factors responsible for extreme weather events in Asia.
  • According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), extreme weather events are those phenomena that occur rarely in a particular place and at a particular time in a year.

Major factors responsible for extreme weather c ondition:

  • El Nino- Southern Oscillation: It is a climate system. Under this, changes in water temperature are seen in the central and eastern tropical Pacific Ocean.

Over a period of 3 – 7 years, surface waters in the tropical Pacific Ocean warm or cool by 1°C to 3°C from normal.

  • Indian Ocean Dipole: It is the difference in sea surface temperature between the western Indian Ocean and the eastern Indian Ocean. Hence, it is called a dipole.
  • Arctic Oscillation: It is a condition of changing the location of atmospheric pressure between the latitudes of the Arctic and the North Pacific and North Atlantic.

It affects the weather throughout the Northern Hemisphere.

  • Asian Monsoon: It is a seasonal change in the direction of the prevailing winds. It is a major driver of climate change in South and East Asia.
  • Atmospheric Rivers over Asia: These are long, narrow, shallow and temporary corridors of strong horizontal water vapor circulation.

Source – The Hindu

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