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Question – What is the 5G technique and its features. Also explain what are the major challenges regarding its implementation in India? – 12 June 2021
Answer –
- 5G is the fifth generation of mobile Internet. This will be the most efficient, fast and secure method of data transfer.
- Currently, 4G mobile communication technology is being used in India. 4G offers a maximum speed of 45mbps. At the same time, 5G will give 20 times faster than this i.e. around 1Gbps speed. 5G will be much better than its previous generations due to faster speed data transfer and lower latency.
- Network latency in 4G (the time period required for transfer of data from the sender to receiver is called network latency) is 40 – 50 milli-seconds, while in 5G it will be reduced to 1 milli-second. The lower the latency, the faster the data transfer speed.
- The meter wave spectrum found in 5G technology can play an important role. The 30 – 300 giga hertz frequencies are called millimeter waves. These are called millimeter waves because they are 1 -10 millimeters in size. Current 4G technology uses wave frequency below 6 giga hertz. 5G networks can run at 3400, 3500, or 3600 mega hertz band widths, of which 3500 megahertz band’s air waves are best suited for 5G.
- Use of 5G technology will not be limited to browsing only on mobiles and laptops. It will also be enable new technological developments in areas related to health, agriculture and industry. Due to high internet speed and low latency, it will also be useful in server less applications, remote control surgery, and connected smart cities. The number of devices connecting to 5G will increase manifold.
With the Internet of Things (IoT), people’s everyday tasks will become easier. Streaming videos on online platforms with faster speed data transfer will become easier, which will boost platforms like online learning. 5G can play an important role in the development of smart cities. 5G will be very helpful in the automated vehicle and automation industry.
Key Challenges-
- Countries like South Korea, United States, China, Russia and Japan are expected to introduce 5G services soon. India also wants 5G technology to reach the general public at the earliest. However, India has the following major challenges for this –
- India will take time to build the infrastructure needed for 5G technology.
- 5G will not be used in existing devices, for this new equipment will be required.
- Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (TRAI) has kept the reserve price of spectrum required for 5G services extremely high, this price could be a hindrance to the growth and expansion of 5G services in India.
Apart from spectrum, the basic framework of 5G communication system will need to be changed.
- Also, upgrading existing LTE technology may not meet the various requirements of all 5G use cases.
According to a report, it is estimated that industries in India may require an additional investment of $ 60–70 billion to implement the 5G network,while India’s telecom industry currently has a loan of Rs 7 lakh crore.
