India to become Global Green Hydrogen Hub
Recently, International Climate Summit-ICS, 2021: “Powering India’s Hydrogen Eco system” was organized by Invest India and Environment Committee of PHD Chamber of Commerce and Industry (PHDCCI).
During this, India’s geographical advantage and potential for green hydrogen was highlighted. India has set an ambitious target of ‘Hydrogen-212’. In this, the production cost of green hydrogen would be less than $2 per kilogram.
Green hydrogen is generated through the electrolysis of water using an electric current produced by a renewable source (such as solar photo voltaic (PV) or wind turbines).
Hydrogen is one of the cleanest fuels. Combustion in the air produces only water as a byproduct and no carbon-based emissions.
Its potential applications include transportation, permanent power such as backup power units and economical applications such as consumer electronics, recreational equipment, etc.
Measures taken in India
- For this ‘National Hydrogen Energy Roadmap’ has been implemented by the Government of India.
- In the year 2020, Delhi became the first city in India to operate buses with hydrogen-rich CNG.
- Hydrogen fuel cell based bus project will be started in Leh by the Ministry of New and Renewable Energy.
- National Hydrology Portal has been launched.
Major challenges before it:
- High cost of production, difficulty in storage, high flammability of hydrogen, constraints in development of production capacity due to low demand, etc.
Types of Hydrogen:
- Green Hydrogen: This is hydrogen produced by the electrolysis of water using electricity from renewable sources of energy such as hydropower, wind and solar power.
- Pink/Purple/Red Hydrogen: This is hydrogen produced by electrolysis using nuclear energy.
- Turquoise hydrogen: This is hydrogen produced by thermal fission of methane (methane pyrolysis) instead of carbon dioxide. This forms solid carbon.
- Black/Grey Hydrogen: This is hydrogen extracted from natural gas using steam-methane reformation.
- Yellow Hydrogen: This is hydrogen produced by electrolysis using electricity received from the grid.
- White Hydrogen: This is hydrogen produced as a byproduct of industrial processes.
- Blue Hydrogen: This is gray or brown colored hydrogen whose carbon dioxide is covered or recyclable.
- Brown Hydrogen: This is hydrogen extracted from fossil fuels typically extracted from coal using gasification.
Source – The Hindu
