Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction (2015-2030) – Hyogo Framework for Action, 2005

Question – Describe various measures taken in India for Disaster Risk Reduction before and after signing ‘Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction (2015-2030)’. How is this framework different from ‘Hyogo Framework for Action, 2005’? – 11 August 2021

Answer –

Normal life is disturbed due to the disaster, as a result of which there is a huge loss of life and property. Its origin can be natural or man-made. India is more vulnerable to disasters due to its geographical nature, and scarce resources. India has made many guidelines and laws for disaster management. It has signed on to the Sendai Framework and the earlier Hyogo Framework, and continues to work to protect its vulnerable community.

Measures taken in India for DRR before signing of Sendai Framework:

• Prior to the signing of the Sendai Framework for DRR, the Disaster Management Act was enacted in 2005, which pushed for more proactive governance, distinct from a relief-focused approach, which placed greater emphasis on preparedness, prevention and mitigation.
• The objective of the scheme is to maximize the capacity to deal with disasters among all levels of administration as well as communities.
• The National Policy on Disaster Management (NPDM) has been prepared in pursuance of the Disaster Management Act, 2005, which has prepared a roadmap / roadmap for dealing with disasters in a holistic manner.
• In 2016, India released the country’s first ‘National Disaster Management Plan’, a document based on the global blueprint for disaster damage reduction, the “Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction”. It will cover all phases of disaster management (from prevention and mitigation to response and recovery).

Measures taken in India for DRR after signing of Sendai Framework:

1. India recently released the first ever National Disaster Management Plan, a document based on the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction, a global blueprint for disaster loss reduction.
2. The plan is based on four primary themes of the Sendai Framework, namely: understanding disaster risk, improving disaster risk governance, disaster risk reduction (investment through structural and non-structural measures) and disaster preparedness, early warning and better construction. back into.
3. The plan has a regional approach, which will be beneficial not only for disaster management but also for development planning.
4. It has been designed in such a way that it can be implemented in a scalable manner at all stages of disaster management.
5. It identifies key activities such as early warning, information dissemination, medical care, fuel, transportation, search and rescue, evacuation, etc., which acts as a checklist for disaster response agencies.

Difference between Hyogo Framework and Sendai Framework:

• The Sendai Framework (2015-30) is the successor tool to the Hyogo Framework for Action (2005-15).
• The Hyogo Framework was the first plan, which outlined, described and presented all the different areas and taxes to reduce the damage caused by the disaster.
• The Sendai Framework recognizes that the state has a primary role in reducing disaster risk, but that responsibility should be shared with other stakeholders, including local government, the private sector, and other stakeholders.
• The Hyogo Framework sets five priorities for action, the first two: governance and risk identification.
• The Sendai Framework sets out four priorities for implementation at the national and local levels, and at the global and regional levels:

1. Understanding disaster risk.
2. Strengthening disaster risk management Managing disaster risk.
3. Disaster risk reduction for resilience.
4. Enhance disaster preparedness for effective response in recovery, rehabilitation and reconstruction and to “build back better”.

India is naturally vulnerable to natural disasters due to its unique geo-climatic conditions. Floods, droughts, cyclones, earthquakes and landslides are a recurrent phenomenon in the country. India has adopted the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction and has drawn up a national and local strategy with a short-term target set by 2020.

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